Panjabi Haat

Thursday, 30 April 2015

Guru Nanak Dev Ji Lessons That Make Sense Even Today

Five centuries after the passing of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, his words still resonate with his followers. Let's take a look at 10 of his teachings that make sense to this day.

1. Never forget the poor.


This mantra was relevant in 1500 when there was no concept of poverty alleviation, and is just as relevant now, when poverty hasn't left the world. When Guru Ji was 12, his father gave him Rs. 20 to set up a business. Guru Ji bought food worth Rs. 20 and gave it away. When his father asked him about this investment, Guru Ji told him it was a "true business". Today, a Gurudwara named Sacha Sauda (true business) exists, where Guru Nanak Dev Ji fed the poor.

2. There is one God.


Using religion to segregate people into categories is awful. In the Guru's own words, "There is neither Hindu nor Muslim." On his visit to Hardiwar, he saw people offering the water of the Ganges towards the sun in the east, as an offering to their ancestors in heaven. He began to throw water towards the West. When others ridiculed him, he said: "If Ganges water will reach your ancestors in heaven, why should the water I throw not reach my fields in the Punjab, which are far less distant?"

3. Women are equal to men.


At a time when other Indian religions wanted quiet, demure women in the temple and no women in the mosque, he permitted women to join religious gatherings and openly sing their praises of God.

4. Running away to a forest won’t give you enlightenment.


"..Remember the essence of religion..
.. Is meekness and sympathy..
.. But a life of goodness and purity..
..Amid the world’s temptations…”
--
Guru Nanak Dev Ji

Maybe one could achieve enlightenment in forests centuries ago, but we're not capable of that today. And Guru Nanak Dev Ji never ask you to do that. He believed that living as a householder was better than going away for a divine truth. Guru Ji himself was a farmer even after achieving enlightenment.

5. These five evils are probably ruining your life. 


Ego/Pride
Anger
Greed 
Attachment 
Lust
    Most, if not all, suffering of big city life comes from these five evils.

    6. Find your own guru.


    You need a mentor to guide you on how to live right. In Guru Nanak Dev Ji’s words, living right is much superior to visiting pilgrimage destinations.

    7. Be selfless.


    The Punjab Golden Temple feeds over a 100,000 people of all religions every single day. Not because there is some divine gain, but because it is a sacred duty. For Guru Ji, the concept of selfless service was a way of life.

    8. Fight superstition of any kind.


    Guru Ji devoted his life to attacking formal rituals, caste, and practices that didn’t make any sense. This is the simplest way you can find meaning and purpose in your own life – cutting out the clutter of what society dictates you should do.

    9. Simplicity is beautiful.


    It is not hard to practice the tenets of Sikhism.
    There are only 3!
    Vand Chako: Sharing with others
    Kirat Karo: Making an honest living
    Naam Japna: Remembering God at all times

    10. Travel!


    There is much to be gained from your journeys. At a time when religious leaders never ventured out of their villages, Guru Nanak Dev Ji walked, yes, walked, to Iraq, Ladakh, Tibet and Saudi Arabia!

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    Sunday, 26 April 2015

    Story of The Poor Servant


    Once upon a time, there lived a King who, despite his luxurious lifestyle, was neither happy nor contended.

    One day, the King came upon a servant who was singing happily while he worked.
    This fascinated the King so asked the servant, 'Why are you so happy?'


    The man replied,
    'Your Majesty, I am nothing but a servant, but my family and I don't need too much - just a roof over our heads and warm food to fill our tummies.'

    The king sought the advice of his most trusted advisor. After hearing the story, the advisor said,
    'Your Majesty, the servant has not yet joined "The 99 Club" (in Punjabi we call in Nadhenve da chakkar ਨੜਿਨਵੇਂ ਦਾ ਚੱਕਰ)

    'To truly know what The 99 Club is, just place 99 Gold coins in a bag and leave it at this servant's doorstep.' which the king did.


    When the servant saw the bag, he let out a great shout of joy... so many gold coins! He began to count them. After several counts, he was at last convinced that there were only 99 coins.

    He wondered, 
    'What could have happened to that last gold coin? Surely, no one would leave 99 coins!'

    He looked everywhere he could, but that final coin was elusive.
    Finally he decided that he was going to work harder than ever to earn that 100th gold coin.


    From that day, the servant was a changed man.
    He was overworked, grumpy, and blamed his family for not helping him make that 100th gold coin.

    And he had stopped singing while he worked.

    Witnessing this drastic transformation, the King was puzzled. The adviser said, 'Your Majesty, the servant has now officially joined The 99 Club.'

    He continued,
    'The 99 Club is a name given to those people who have enough to be happy but are never contended, because they're always wanting that extra 1, saying to themselves:
    "Let me get that one final thing and then I will be happy for life."

    We can be happy with very little in our lives, but the minute we're given something bigger and better, we want more ...and even more!
    We lose our sleep, our happiness, all these as the price for our growing needs and desires.

    That's "The 99 Club"...
    Zero Membership fee to enter, but you pay for it for (& with) your entire life!

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    Saturday, 25 April 2015

    THE FOUR PRINCIPLES OF SPIRITUALITY

    THE FOUR PRINCIPLES OF SPIRITUALITY:

    It is not important whether you believe in spirituality or not, the four principles of spirituality apply to all from the moment one is born and will remain there till the end!

    Four principles of spirituality


    The First Principle states:

    "Whomsoever you encounter is the right one"

    This means that no one comes into our life by chance. Everyone who is around us, anyone with whom we interact, represents something, whether to teach us something or to help us improve a current situation.


    The Second Principle states:

    "Whatever happened is the only thing that could have happened"

    Nothing, absolutely nothing of that which we experienced could have been any other way. Not even in the least important detail. There is no "If only I had done that differently, then it would have been different". No. What happened is the only thing that could have taken place and must have taken place for us to learn our lesson in order to move forward. Every single situation in life which we encounter is absolutely perfect, even when it defies our understanding and our ego.


    The Third Principle states:

    "Each moment in which something begins is the right moment"

    Everything begins at exactly the right moment, neither earlier nor later. When we are ready for it, for that something new in our life, it is there, ready to begin.


    The Fourth Principle states:

    "What is over, is over"

    It is that simple. When something in our life ends, it helps our evolution. That is why, enriched by the recent experience, it is better to let go and move on.

    Think it is no coincidence that you're here reading this.

    If these words strike a chord, it's because you meet the requirements and understand that not one single snowflake falls accidentally in the wrong place!

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    Tuesday, 21 April 2015

    Concept Of God in Sikhism - Part II

    Concept of God after the creation of universe


    When God desired to create the world, He came out from Nirguna (without any qualities or characteristics) to Sarguna state (having acquired all His qualities). Thus ‘Oank or OM’ in Ikoankar depicts God’s Sarguna state. In Surguna, Guru Nanak Dev Ji recognizes God in three forms.


    1. He is inaccessible: It is beyond conception of any living being to know where God actually lives. No body can reach Him. A created one with a physical existence is unable to visualize the exact abode of his creator when the creator is beyond any physical existence. A human being can conceive things around him with the help of his five senses of perception i.e. the sense of hearing, sense of seeing, sense of smelling, sense of tasting and sense of touch. None of these senses are capable of reaching up to God. God in that state cannot also be described in words. Worldly things do not affect him. He is purest of the pure. He is somewhere beyond this universe, beyond any cosmic world if it exists. Yet He is the lord of the entire universe, the master of the entire world. He controls His kingdom, the kingdom of this universe or any cosmic world beyond this universe. Every thing exists through His will. If at any time, He desires to destroy His creation, He would do it in a fraction of a second. The entire universe exists at the mercy of God.
    2. He is omnipresent: This is His second mode of existence. In spite of being inaccessible, His existence is evident in everything created by Him. Guru Nanak Dev Ji says that, God first manifested Himself from Nirguna to Sarguna state, and then acquired in Him by Himself all the qualities including the qualities of creation and powers to govern His creation. He then created nature and established His throne in nature to enjoy His creation which included the universe, galaxies, stars, planets, satellites, moons, and all animate and inanimate things on earth. He created microorganisms, plants, insects, animals, land, oceans, and mountains. He created man, the master of all other creatures on earth. How can then the presence of God be felt in His creation? We can explain it by citing the example of an artist. An artist makes a picture and people see the picture, appreciate it and admire the qualities of the artist who made the picture. But God does not merely exist in nature just to see that His creation admires Him. He is present in His creation to govern His creation. Guru Nanak Dev Ji says that God created the universe by His supreme command or Hukam. Sikh’s fifth guru, Guru Arjan Dev Ji states that all the creation created by God is bound by certain fixed principles and these principles work under the divine command of God. Nothing is created haphazardly. Everything is created under some principle and these principles are strictly obeyed, both by living and non-living beings under His divine command, described as HUKAM by Guru Nanak Dev Ji.                                                                                                   Every living and non-living creation is under the fear of supreme command or Hukam of God that God will punish those who disobey or disrupt His creation. Guru Nanak Dev Ji says that the wind blows, the rivers flow, the fire does its work, the earth bears the weight of everything on it, the revolution of moon around earth, earth around sun and sun around other suns in its galaxy all work under the fear of the supreme command and do not defy the principles on which the entire system of this universe works If any created one tries to disobey His divine command, there would be total destruction. Everything will finish in no time. Thus the existence of God in nature can be seen through His Hukam or supreme command which none of His creation dare to disobey.For a moment, if we consider that the earth changes its course around sun just by a few centimeters, everything on earth will perish. The moon will perish and with that the other planets revolving around our sun would loose their balance. Thus everything in this universe is continuously revolving around some other thing under a fixed principle, under the divine command (Hukam) of God. All their movements work on more or less same principle, be it a sun, earth, moon or a tiny electron revolving around protons and neutrons. They are all governed by a fixed principle. If that principle is disturbed; havoc ensues. Just imagine fission of a tiny atom enabled scientists to make an atomic bomb with immense energy stored in that. Then imagine how much energy is stored in revolution of earth around sun, or moon around earth. If somehow, this energy or a part of it were released, what havoc would it cause? It will bring with it total destruction. Thus there lies the caution that we should obey the nature and through it, obey the divine command of God. We should not disturb nature. Disturbing of nature amounts to disobeying the divine command of God, the HUKAM of God. Therefore it is the fear of God’s divine command that nature is working with His fixed principles. This fear exists in every thing, living and non-living, every electron, positron, neutron, wind, water, fire, mountains, oceans, stars, planets, satellites. It is this fear that keeps us in check to disturb or destroy nature. He is thus omnipresent. He exists in everything He created through His divine command. For example every country has its own constitution to govern his people. They enact laws. No man can dare to kill another man under the fear of the law of his land. If he does kill, he himself is destroyed. He meets his fate of disobeying the law. In the same way, in a broader perspective, disobeying God’s principle of creation would bring havoc, self-destruction of us humans. We will destroy ourselves under His divine command. God therefore exists in His creation in the form of His HUKAM, His divine command which none can dare to disobey. He is thus omnipresent.
    3. He is within every human being: Guru Nanak Dev Ji states that after creation of humans, God incorporated in them His own self, His NAAM,( His qualities) to act as a judge to analyze good or bad and to guide us humans to purify our souls from sins committed in past and present life. At another place in holy Guru Granth Sahib, Guru Nanak Dev Ji says that God’s holy light within us guides us to spend our lives in a righteous way by washing out our sins through doing good deeds. Only good deeds can take us to the door of God. God’s NAAM,(His characteristics or good qualities), enshrined in us at the time of our births guide us to analyze what is good or bad. Whenever we go astray, our inner self, which is a part of God’s self, guides us towards right path. Whenever we do some sin, our inner self rebukes us and forbids us not to commit sin. If in spite of this guidance, we still commit a sin then that becomes our destiny. We will have to suffer for that sin in our life at one time or the other. We commit sin only when we ignore His guidance, ignore our inner voice or suppress our inner self. As an example your child makes a mistake. You slap him on his face. The child weeps. Your inner self warns you that you have committed a wrong doing. You at once realize your mistake and abide by the guidance given to you by your inner self. You love the child. Your child becomes happy. You experience happiness in your inner self. You have ultimately obeyed God’s divine command enshrined within you and you feel eternal happiness. In the same way, if we work under the command of our inner self, which is a part of God, we would elevate our selves to higher heights. We will cleanse our soul. We will not hate others. We would love everybody.  We would not come under the hold of false pride. We will not be perturbed by physical troubles. We will not hurt others’ feelings. We will not tell lies for our petty gains. We will lead an honest, truthful and righteous life. Such a person who leads his or her life under the  guidance of  inner soul,inculcate in him or her all the good qualities of God by which we identify God on this earth, becomes like God or saint or Brahamgiani.


    So ‘Oan’ in ‘Ikoankar’ stands for Sargun state of God who is inaccessible to any living being but is present in His every living and non-living creation in the form of His divine command and  exists within every human in the form of His light or guiding principle or NAM which at every moment analyses our good or bad deeds.


    Concept of monotheism

    The last part of ‘Ikoankaar’ is ‘Kaar.’ ‘Kaar’ means ‘only’, only one. Ik denotes God’s state before creation when he was one and only one. ‘Oan’ after creation. ‘Kaar’ means, he remained only one even after creation. He remained only one even after being present in all living and non-living ones created by Him. He does not distribute His duties to any other deity. He is the only Supreme Being. He is the only one who created everything and Guru Nanak Dev Ji says whatever He created, He created at one stroke.

    Sikhism does not believe in the concept of incarnation of God. God does not come on earth in human incarnation as is believed in other religions. But a human can become like God if he purifies his soul by avoiding sins and doing good deeds. Guru Nanak has even said that a human who has inculcated the qualities of God in his life, even becomes above God.


    To be continued...
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    Concept of God in Sikhism- Part I

    Concept of God in Sikhism
     --By Sujan Singh ji



    Humans have always been anxious to know who created this entire universe, who controls it and who created all the living beings. The ancient man thought that some  super power is there above us who controls all his creation. That super power in ancient Hindu scriptures, Upanishads, was named as Om or Braham. Later, the concept of soul originated probably on the basis of some evidence provided by some persons who remembered their past lives.

    In  Upanishads, soul is described as indestructible and with the death of a person, the body, the physical being, is either cremated or buried but the soul, the ethereal self, takes another birth. The concept of God then changed and was considered as supreme soul governing all the souls in the living beings.

    God was named as Parmatma, the supreme soul and all the souls in humans as a part of that supreme soul. Later, it was theorised by ancient scholars that the souls take birth in human form according to their deeds or karma in their past lives. A human, after his or her death, may take birth again in human incarnation or may take birth in any of the 840,000 creations on the basis of his or her good or bad deeds. It was also theorised that a human’s soul merges with the supreme soul of God if he purifies his soul through good deeds in his human life and does not commit any sin. Later, with the advancement in knowledge, the concept of God continued to change.

    According to Hindu philosophy
    According to Hindu philosophy, concept of trinity God, Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh, originated. Lord Brahma gives births to all living beings depending upon their good or bad deeds. Lord Vishnu gives sustenance to all the living beings in this universe again on the basis of good or bad deeds committed in their previous births. Lord Vishnu thus controls the entire material, Lord Mahesha takes away lives from all the living beings and is thus called the destroyer.

    The kings who were cruel and committed sins were called demons and those kings who were kind to the public and who defeated and killed demons were considered as reincarnation of Lord Vishnu and are worshipped as prophets by Hindus. In all ten prophets are recognized in Hindu religion. These are Kachh, Machh, Warrah, Narsinha, Vaman, Purshuram, Lord Rama, Lord Krishna, Mahatma Buddha and Kalki. The last one, Kalki, is still to manifest.

    In other religions also, God has different names and prophets are sent by God to eradicate evil from this world.
    In Christianity
    In Christianity, God is named as God. Jesus is the last prophet in Christianity and is considered as the beloved son of God.
    In Islam
    In Islam, God is named as Allah.Similarly, Hazart Mohammed is the last prophet in Islam.

    No one has defined God in any religion though every religion describes various qualities of God.

    Guru Nanak Dev JI for the first time defined God as Ikoankar or Ekamkar and explained this in his Bani at various places in Guru Granth Saheb Ji.
    Ikoankar or Ekamkar is composed of three words I.e. Ik, Oank or Om and Kaar. Each of these three words describes God and His existence in this universe.

    Concept of God before creation of Universe

    Concept of God before creation of Universe In Sikhism God is conceived in two forms i.e. in Nirguna form and in sarguna form..‘Ik’ (meaning one) in Ikoankar defines Nirguna state of God. It is that state of God when He had not created the universe as yet. He was one and the only one at that time. He was in himself. There was no universe, no suns, no planets, no satellites, no living or non-living creatures, no good or bad deeds, no light, no days or nights. In fact there was total darkness at that time.

    God had not created in Himself His own powers, including the power of creation and the power of destruction.  He was thus devoid of any characteristics or any qualities. He was one and only one.

    The ancient Hindu books describe this period of darkness, when God was one and only one, extending to 36 yugas (one yug is variously described as 1000 years, 10, 000 years or even more).
    Once, Guru Nanak Dev Ji was asked by learned saints (Sidhas) to describe the ‘Nirguna’ state of God. Guru Nanak Dev Ji replied that ‘Nirguna’ state of God is a divine wonder. A man is too little a creature to even think of that state, let alone to describe that state. When God Himself had not acquired His power of creation, how can a created one, the human, think of that state of God? Everyone and everything is created by God. How can a created one think of the state of a creator when there was nothingness, no creation, only the creator. He, the creator, only knew about Himself of that state. Strangely enough, science, also explains the state of universe prior to Big Bang in more or less a similar way.“ What existed prior to this event is completely unknown and is a matter of pure speculation.

    About 15 billion years ago, the entirety of our Universe was compressed into the confine of an atomic nucleus. All the matter and energy of space was contained at one point. Known as a singularity, this is the moment before creation when space and time did not exist. According to the prevailing cosmological models that explain our universe, an ineffable explosion, trillions of degrees in temperature in any measurement scale that was infinitely dense, created not only fundamental subatomic particles and thus matter and energy but also space and time itself”(world website, Google, Canada). According to Guru Nanak Dev Ji, all creations were into God when God was in Nirguna state. 

    Tenth guru of Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh Ji also said that when God attained creative powers, He created the entire universe, the living and non-living, the planets and suns, the galaxies and thus the universe. But when at any moment, God would like to destroy His creation; all created would go into Him.

    To Be Continued...

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    Thursday, 9 April 2015

    The Second Master Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji (1504 - 1552) Part -II

    Mughal Emperor Humayun Meets Guru Angad dev Sahib Ji


    After the Mughal emperor Babur's death he was succeeded by his son Humayun. He was soon defeated by Sher Shah and on his retreat out of India he stopped at Khadur to seek the Guru's blessings. When Humayun arrived, Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji  and the congregation were absorbed in singing religious hymns. After a while Humayun became impatient and angry at being ignored and put his hand on the hilt of his sword to attack the Guru. Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji was unmoved by this and said "When you should have used the sword you did not, rather you ran away from the battlefield like a coward. Here you show off, threatening to attack unarmed devotees engaged in prayer." Humayun was humbled by this and asked the Guru's forgiveness and blessings. Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji blessed him, and as history was to have it he eventually regained his throne.

    Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji and Punjabi

    Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji was very fond of children and took a great interest in their education. He advocated that they should be taught to read and write in their mother tongue, Punjabi. Although the origins of the Gurmukhi script are unclear, it is clear that Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji popularized the use of this simplified script among the Sikhs starting around 1541. Being the successor of Guru Nanak he also got the first authorized biography of Guru Nanak written in 1544, as well as having a number of copies of Guru Nanak's hymns written out in the new Gurmukhi script. Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji further expanded the number of Sikh religious centers.

    Guru Angad Dev Sahib and Relative

    There lived a very devout Vaishanavite Hindu named Amar Das. He had regularly made pilgrimages to the Ganges river for ritual baths for over 20 years. While returning from his twelfth such pilgrimage he was asked by a monk "Who is your Guru?" Amar Das felt frustrated as he could not answer this question having searched his whole life, but still not achieving the peace of mind that he longed for. One day he heard Bibi Amro the daughter of Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji, who was recently married to his nephew singing the hymns of Guru Nanak. Amar Das started to listen to them every day until he was enchanted by them. Bibi Amro told Amar Das about the mission of Guru Nanak and promised to introduce him to her father Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji.

    When the time finally came and they met, Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji got up from his seat on his arrival to embrace Amar Das as he was his relative and also much older than the Guru. Amar Das instead fell to the Guru's feet out of respect and humility, forgetting his age and family status. On this day of their meeting, Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji was eating meat and being a Vaishnav Hindu, Amar Das felt uncomfortable. Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji told Amar Das that the meats one should avoid are envy, greed, ego, slander and usurpation of others rights. He told Amar Das that there is life in everything, whatever is eaten while remembering God is like nectar itself. Amar Das thus became a devoted disciple of Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji.

    Love for Guru Angad Dev Sahib ji

    One of the Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji's wealthy disciple named Gobind decided to build a new township on the river Beas to honour the Guru. Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji sent Amar Das to supervise the construction of this new township which came to be known as Goindwal. When it was completed Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji instructed Amar Das and his family to move there. Amar Das complied. Every morning he would get up early in the morning and carry water from the river to the Guru and remain in his company the entire day before returning to Goindwal in the evenings. Each year Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji would present a turban as a symbol of honour to his devoted followers. Such was the devotion of Amar Das that he would wear one on top of the other, refusing to discard the Guru's gift. People ridiculed Amar Das for his blind faith, but he was never concerned.

    For The Wise and Holy

    As Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji's popularity continued to spread among the people, this caused much jealousy among the Hindu high castes because Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji was gaining popularity with his preaching about a casteless society. They conspired to turn the people away from the Guru. During a drought year a Hindu recluse told the villagers "You go to Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji day and night for spiritual guidance, why can't he get rain for your dying crops?" 
    The recluse forecasted that there would only be rain when Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji left the village.
    When confronted by the desperate farmers Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji replied, "Nature cannot bend to your will merely by human sacrifice to the gods, or by injuring someone's heart. But if your rain god is satisfied by my leaving this village, I shall do so without a moment's hesitation."
    After Leaving the village Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji  was refused for shelter in neighboring villages and finally settled in a forest south of Khadur. When the rains did not come as promised the villagers grew angry at the Hindu recluse and wanted to kill him. Amar Das was disappointed with the way that the villagers had treated Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji. He suggested that instead of killing the recluse the farmers tie the recluse to a plow and drag him through their fields. The rain finally came.

    The villagers now implored the Guru to return to the village. When Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji heard to the punishment the Hindu recluse had received he told Amar Das; "You should have shown endurance, in the face of adversity, like the earth, steadfastness like a mountain and compassion like a river. For the wise and the holy, it is unforgivable if they practice not humility and remain not even-minded in weal or woe." Amar Das asked for and received forgiveness.

    Blessings

    Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji did not believe in performing miracles unnecessarily. When Amar Das blessed a devotee of the Guru's with a son, Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji warned him, "Do not go about disbursing your blessings and curses without due deliberation. God is merciful to all men of prayer and good intentions, and one need not exhibit one's spiritual prowess by such showmanship."

    Homeless old Man

    A village women once ridiculed Amar Das for his faithful devotion as being that "homeless old man who carries water every day for his Guru daily." When Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji heard this he embraced Amar Das and told his congregation; "Amar Das is not homeless, he is the shelter of the unsheltered. He is the strength of the weak and the emancipation of the slave!" Finding that Amar Das was his most worthy disciple and feeling that his end was near Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji announced that Amar Das would be his successor. Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji's two sons were unhappy with their fathers decision but the Guru told them that the honour would go to Amar Das because he was the most worthy and humble. Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji bowed before Guru Amar Das placing five copper coins and a coconut before him signifying as Guru Nanak had done before him. Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji then had Baba Buddha anoint the forehead of Guru Amar Das with a saffron mark.
    Shortly thereafter Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji left this world on March 28, 1552.

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